Quick answer
Siswan is a development block in Siwan district, Bihar, with 13 gram panchayats and 90 villages (LGD code 2123). This directory lists 123 schools and 3 post offices here.
About Siswan Block
The Siswan (सिसवन) development block is in Siwan district, Bihar, part of the Saran Division. The block sits between the village panchayats and the district: the Panchayat Samiti, headed by the Pramukh (Panchayat Samiti), plans works for the whole block, and the Block Development Officer (BDO) puts schemes into action. Its LGD code is 2123.
There are 13 gram panchayats and 90 villages in Siswan block, which puts it at number 13 of 19 blocks in Siwan by panchayat count. For land and revenue work, villagers go to Siswan anchal.
Siswan is about 23 km south-west of Siwan headquarters as the crow flies.
Villages in this block vote in the Daraunda and Ekma assembly constituencies.
Siswan at a glance
| Name | Siswan / सिसवन |
|---|---|
| Type | Block |
| LGD code | 2123 |
| District | Siwan |
| Division | Saran Division |
| State | Bihar |
| Gram Panchayats | 13 |
| Villages | 90 |
| Coordinates | 25.9852° N, 84.3950° E |
| Schools | 123 |
| Post Offices | 3 |
Map of Siswan
Points are approximate, based on State Election Commission polling-centre locations. Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Siswan Block Gram Panchayat List
Siswan Block has 13 gram panchayats. Open any of them to see its villages, Mukhiya, polling centres, nearby facilities and schemes.
| Gram Panchayat | Name in Hindi | Villages | LGD code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baghauna | बघौना | 8 | 101438 |
| Bakhari | बखरी | 11 | 101439 |
| Bhagar | भागर | 2 | 101440 |
| Bhikhpur | भीखपुर | 9 | 101441 |
| Chainpur Mubarakpur | चैनपुर मुबारकपुर | 1 | 101442 |
| Gangpur Siswan | गंगपुर सिसवन | 4 | 101443 |
| Ghurghat | घूरघाट | 7 | 101444 |
| Gyaspur | ग्यासपुर | 10 | 101445 |
| Kachnar | कचनार | 1 | 101446 |
| Nayagaon | नयागांव | 8 | 101447 |
| Ramgarh | रामगढ | 9 | 239377 |
| Rampur | रामपुर | 9 | 101448 |
| Siswa Kala | सिसवा कला | 11 | 101449 |
Population of Siswan
We’re still adding village-level census tables for this area. Meanwhile, here are the Census 2011 rural figures for Siwan district, which Siswan is part of:
| Rural population | 31,47,551 |
|---|---|
| Rural households | 5,07,055 |
| Rural literacy rate | 68.9% |
| Rural sex ratio | 993 |
| Rural SC population share | 11.9% |
| Rural work participation | 28.1% |
Health and household indicators (NFHS-5)
These NFHS-5 (2019–21) health and household figures are for Siwan district, where Siswan is. They’re district averages, not figures for the village itself:
| Indicator | Siwan |
|---|---|
| Women who are literate | 70.9% |
| Women with 10+ years of schooling | 38.9% |
| Institutional births | 86.4% |
| Children 12–23 months fully vaccinated | 76.1% |
| Children under 5 who are stunted | 36.7% |
| Women (15–49) who are anaemic | 53.1% |
| Households using clean cooking fuel | 48.0% |
| Households with improved sanitation | 47.7% |
| Households with electricity | 95.3% |
| Households with health insurance | 8.2% |
| Households with improved drinking water | 99.8% |
Work and livelihood
Most families in and around Siswan mix small-scale farming with livestock, local trade and seasonal wage work. Since July 2026, VB-G RAM G (which replaced MGNREGA) guarantees each household at least 125 days of work a year on village works such as ponds, roads and plantations. The gram panchayat issues the job cards, and wages go straight into bank or post office accounts.
Siswan Block office: BDO and contacts
The Block Development Officer (BDO) heads the Siswan block office, with assistant officers for agriculture, cooperatives, panchayats, social welfare and statistics. The elected Panchayat Samiti, made up of directly elected members and the Mukhiyas of the block’s gram panchayats, chooses the Pramukh (Panchayat Samiti) and approves the block development plan.
Go to the Siswan block office for PM Awas Yojana (Gramin) houses, Swachh Bharat toilets, pension verification, job guarantee problems (VB-G RAM G, earlier MGNREGA) and complaints about a gram panchayat. You can also file a complaint on Bihar Lok Shikayat Nivaran (lokshikayat.bihar.gov.in) or call helpline 1800 345 6284.
Siswan Pramukh (Panchayat Samiti) and MLAs
| No. | Assembly Constituency | MLA (party) | Lok Sabha Constituency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 109 | Daraunda | Karanjeet Singh (Bharatiya Janata Party) | Siwan |
| 113 | Ekma | Manoranjan Singh (Janata Dal (United)) | Maharajganj |
Panchayat elections
- Mukhiya seats won by women
- 46%2021CalculatedState Election Commission, Bihar
- Candidates per Mukhiya seat
- 9.52021CalculatedState Election Commission, Bihar
Women won 6 of the 13 Mukhiya seats in Siswan in the 2021 panchayat election (46%), 1 of them on seats not reserved for women. 2021CalculatedState Election Commission, Bihar
In the 2021 panchayat election, an average of 9.5 candidates stood for each Mukhiya's seat in Siswan, against 8.2 across Bihar.
How Siswan scores on the Panchayat Advancement Index
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj's Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI 2.0) gives every gram panchayat a score from 0 to 100 on nine themes of the Localised Sustainable Development Goals. It uses about 150 indicators that panchayats report and block and district officials check.
- PAI score
- 50.6/1002023-24CalculatedPanchayat Advancement Index (PAI 2.0)
Across its panchayats, Siswan averages 50.6 out of 100 in the Panchayat Advancement Index 2023-24, 14th of 19 in Siwan, about the same as the Bihar average of 51.9. 2023-24CalculatedPanchayat Advancement Index (PAI 2.0)
None of the 13 scored panchayats of Siswan reached the Front Runner band (75+) in 2023-24.
Scores on the nine development themes
Siswan does best on “Socially just and secured” (72.0) and worst on “Self-sufficient infrastructure” (32.1). That 40-point gap shows where the next Gram Panchayat Development Plan could focus. 2023-24CalculatedPanchayat Advancement Index (PAI 2.0)
Schools in and near Siswan
Siswan Block has 123 schools on record. See the full list of schools
This list comes from the Ministry of Education’s UDISE+ school register. It covers government, government-aided and private schools and madrasas, each by the highest stage it teaches, from primary to higher secondary. See udiseplus.gov.in for a school’s full record.
Banks (IFSC), post office (PIN) and CSC near Siswan
On record in Siswan Block: 3 Post Offices.
Facilities at a glance
How to reach Siswan
Chainwa station (11 km) is the closest railway station to the middle of Siswan.
The nearest airport is Jay Prakash Narayan Airport, about 82 km away.
| Place | Type | Distance | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siwan headquarters | District | 23 km | south-west |
| Chainwa (CW) | Railway Station | 11 km | east |
| Mahendranath (MHRN) | Railway Station | 12 km | east |
| Duraundha Jn (DDA) | Railway Station | 13 km | north-east |
| Jay Prakash Narayan Airport | Airport | 82 km | south-east |
| Gorakhpur Airport | Airport | 126 km | north-west |
Distances are straight-line; by road it's usually 20–40% farther.
How far Siswan is from everyday services
Straight-line distances from the panchayat's mapped centre to the nearest facility of each kind. By road, expect them to be 20–40% longer.
- Nearest bank branch
- 10 kmCalculatedRBI bank branch list
- Nearest railway station
- 11 kmCalculatedDataMeet railways
On average, a gram panchayat in Siswan is 10 km from the nearest bank branch (farther than the Bihar average of 7.5 km). CalculatedRBI bank branch list
A typical gram panchayat in Siswan is 11 km from the nearest railway station. Gram panchayats in Siswan are, on average, 4.9 km from the nearest post office.
Places near Siswan
These are the nearest Blocks to Siswan (straight-line distance). Handy for finding neighbouring villages, markets and offices:
| Block | District | Distance | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hasan Pura | Siwan | 11 km | north |
| Raghunathpur | Siwan | 11 km | west |
| Ekma | Saran | 13 km | east |
| Daraundha | Siwan | 15 km | north-east |
| Manjhi | Saran | 18 km | south-east |
| Andar | Siwan | 20 km | north-west |
Other Blocks in Siwan
Citizen services: how to get things done
MGNREGA (now VB-G RAM G) job card and work
- Apply for a job card at your gram panchayat with photos and Aadhaar of the adult members of the household. An old MGNREGA job card with e-KYC done stays valid until the new Gramin Rozgar Guarantee Card is issued.
- Ask for work in writing and keep the receipt. You now have a right to at least 125 days a year, and if work doesn’t come in the set time, you’re entitled to an unemployment allowance. Check attendance and wage payments on nrega.nic.in with your job card number.
Old-age, widow and disability pension
- Apply online on RTPS Bihar (social security pension) (serviceonline.bihar.gov.in) or through a Common Service Centre (CSC) or RTPS counter. Attach proof of age (or of your spouse’s death, or of disability), an income certificate, Aadhaar and your bank passbook.
- In villages, the Siswan Block Development Officer (BDO) verifies the application. Once it’s sanctioned, the pension goes straight into your bank account.
Ration card
- To get a new ration card or add family members, apply on RTPS Bihar (ration card service) (serviceonline.bihar.gov.in) or through a Common Service Centre (CSC) or RTPS counter. The card is made out in the name of the eldest woman of the household.
- In villages, Siswan block officials check the application and the supply inspector or District Supply Officer approves it.
Income, caste and domicile certificates
- Apply at a Common Service Centre (CSC) or RTPS counter or on RTPS Bihar (serviceonline.bihar.gov.in). Take your Aadhaar, a photo and a signed self-declaration.
- The application goes to your Anchal. The Rajasva Karmachari checks it in the village and the Circle Inspector sends the report on.
- The Circle Officer (CO) issues a digitally signed certificate, usually within 7–15 working days. Track it online with your application number.
Complaints and Right to Information (RTI)
- Complain about any government service on Bihar Lok Shikayat Nivaran (lokshikayat.bihar.gov.in) or call 1800 345 6284. It goes to the officer responsible, and you can track what happens online.
- To find out what the panchayat spent and on which works, file an RTI application (₹10 fee) with the Public Information Officer at Siswan block. Works and payments are also listed on egramswaraj.gov.in.
Portals and procedures change, so check with the office before you apply. If a link has moved, look for the service by name on the portal's home page.
Government schemes for residents of Siswan
Households in Siswan can apply for the schemes below, covering housing, work, farming, pensions, health, education and support for women. Each one shows the local office where you apply.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)
Financial help to build a pucca house with basic amenities for rural families who are homeless or live in kutcha houses.
| Benefit | ₹1.20 lakh in plain areas (plus rural job scheme wages (VB-G RAM G, earlier MGNREGA) and a Swachh Bharat toilet) |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Houseless or kutcha-house families identified through SECC/Awaas+ survey and approved by the Gram Sabha |
| Where to apply | the panchayat secretary and the block office |
Viksit Bharat Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin), VB-G RAM G (earlier MGNREGA)
From 1 July 2026 this Act replaces MGNREGA. Every rural household can get at least 125 days of paid unskilled work a year on works the Gram Sabha approves, such as ponds, roads, plantations and farm bunds. Old e-KYC'd MGNREGA job cards stay valid until the new Gramin Rozgar Guarantee Cards are issued.
| Benefit | At least 125 days of work a year at the notified wage, paid weekly or within 15 days into your bank or post office account |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Any adult member of a rural household willing to do unskilled manual work |
| Where to apply | the panchayat secretary and the block office |
PM Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
Income support of ₹6,000 a year, paid in three instalments of ₹2,000 directly to the bank accounts of land-holding farmer families.
| Benefit | ₹6,000 per year in three instalments |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Farmer families owning cultivable land (with exclusions for taxpayers, pensioners and officials); e-KYC and land seeding required |
| Where to apply | the nearest Common Service Centre (CSC), online and the block office |
Ayushman Bharat – PM Jan Arogya Yojana (Ayushman card)
Cashless hospital treatment up to ₹5 lakh per family per year at empanelled government and private hospitals; all citizens aged 70+ are also covered.
| Benefit | Health cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | SECC-listed deprived families, NFSA ration-card families covered by the UP extension, and senior citizens 70+ |
| Where to apply | the nearest Common Service Centre (CSC) and online |
Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin (household toilet)
Incentive to build an individual household toilet, plus solid and liquid waste management works in villages under ODF Plus.
| Benefit | ₹12,000 incentive for a household toilet |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Rural households without a toilet (BPL and identified APL categories) |
| Where to apply | the panchayat secretary, the block office and online |
Jal Jeevan Mission – Har Ghar Jal
Functional household tap connection providing safe drinking water to every rural home, managed with the village water and sanitation committee.
| Benefit | Free household tap connection |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | All rural households |
| Where to apply | the panchayat secretary |
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (free LPG connection)
Deposit-free LPG connection with first refill and stove for women from poor households.
| Benefit | Free LPG connection, first refill and stove |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Adult women from poor households without an existing LPG connection |
| Where to apply | online and the nearest Common Service Centre (CSC) |
Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)
Maternity benefit for pregnant and lactating mothers to compensate wage loss and support nutrition.
| Benefit | ₹5,000 for the first child; ₹6,000 if the second child is a girl |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Pregnant women and lactating mothers (excluding regular government employees) |
| Where to apply | the Anganwadi centre and online |
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (zero-balance account)
Basic savings bank account with no minimum balance, RuPay debit card with accident insurance and overdraft facility.
| Benefit | Zero-balance account, RuPay card, ₹2 lakh accident cover |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Any Indian resident aged 10+ without a bank account |
| Where to apply | your bank branch |
Kisan Credit Card (KCC)
Short-term crop loans at a subsidised interest rate for farmers, livestock and fisheries, with interest subvention for prompt repayment.
| Benefit | Crop loan at an effective 4% interest on timely repayment (up to ₹3 lakh) |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Owner and tenant farmers, sharecroppers, SHGs/JLGs of farmers, animal husbandry and fisheries farmers |
| Where to apply | your bank branch |
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
Cash assistance for institutional delivery in government hospitals, with free transport and care arranged through the ASHA.
| Benefit | ₹1,400 to rural mothers for institutional delivery |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Pregnant women delivering in a government or accredited facility |
| Where to apply | the Anganwadi centre |
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (crop insurance)
Crop insurance against natural calamities, pests and diseases at a low farmer premium (2% Kharif, 1.5% Rabi).
| Benefit | Compensation for notified crop losses |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | All farmers growing notified crops in notified areas |
| Where to apply | your bank branch, the nearest Common Service Centre (CSC) and online |
PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima & PM Suraksha Bima Yojana
Low-cost life cover (₹2 lakh for ₹436 a year) and accident cover (₹2 lakh for ₹20 a year) through your bank account.
| Benefit | ₹2 lakh life cover and ₹2 lakh accident cover |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Bank account holders aged 18–50 (life) and 18–70 (accident) |
| Where to apply | your bank branch |
DAY-NRLM / UP State Rural Livelihood Mission (women's self-help groups)
Organises rural women into self-help groups with revolving funds, bank credit and livelihood training; members can become BC Sakhi, Lakhpati Didi and more.
| Benefit | Revolving fund, community investment fund and low-interest bank loans |
|---|---|
| Who can apply | Women from rural households, especially poor and vulnerable families |
| Where to apply | the block office |
Terrain and climate of Siswan
- Elevation
- 58 mCalculatedSRTM elevation model
- Average annual rainfall
- 1,043 mm2001-2020CalculatedNASA POWER
The gram panchayats of Siswan lie at an average of about 58 metres above sea level. CalculatedSRTM elevation model
Siswan gets roughly 1,000 mm of rain in an average year. The land around it is almost flat: heights within 2 km vary by only about 10 m, typical of the alluvial plains.
Land cover around Siswan
Land cover within about 2 km
- Cropland 83%
- Tree cover 8.1%
- Built-up land 4.7%
- Water and wetland 2.8%
- Grass and scrub 1.6%
- Bare or sparse land 0.1%
Averaged over its gram panchayats, the land around Siswan's villages is about 83% cropland, 8% tree cover and 5% built-up (ESA WorldCover 2021). 2021CalculatedESA WorldCover 2021
From the blog
Stories from Siswan Block
Bihar Panchayat Chunav 2026: When Are the Next Mukhiya and Sarpanch Elections?
The Mukhiyas and Sarpanchs elected in 2021 finish their five-year term in late 2026. What is confirmed so far and how to get ready.
Siswan Block: frequently asked questions
Which district is Siswan Block in?
Siswan Block is in Siwan district (Saran Division).
How many gram panchayats are there in Siswan Block?
There are 13 gram panchayats in Siswan Block.
How many villages are there in Siswan Block?
Siswan Block has 90 revenue villages.
Where is the Siswan block office and what does it do?
The Siswan block office (Khand Vikas Karyalaya) is at the block headquarters in Siwan district. It deals with VB-G RAM G (earlier MGNREGA), PM Awas Yojana (Gramin), pension verification, Swachh Bharat Mission and most gram panchayat matters, so it’s where you go when the panchayat can’t sort something out.
Which assembly constituencies cover Siswan Block?
Who are the MLAs of Siswan Block?
The MLAs for Siswan Block (2025 election) are Daraunda: Karanjeet Singh (Bharatiya Janata Party); Ekma: Manoranjan Singh (Janata Dal (United)).
Which Lok Sabha constituencies and MPs cover Siswan Block?
Siswan Block falls in 2 Lok Sabha constituencies: Siwan: Vijaylakshmi Devi (Janata Dal (United)); Maharajganj: Janardan Singh "Sigriwal" (Bharatiya Janata Party).
Which gram panchayat in Siswan Block has the most villages?
Bakhari has the most villages (11).
Show 14 more questions
How many Mukhiyas in Siswan Block are women?
In the 2021 panchayat election, women won 6 of the 13 Mukhiya seats here (46%).
How many candidates contested each Mukhiya seat in Siswan Block in 2021?
In the 2021 panchayat election, an average of 9.5 candidates contested each Mukhiya seat in Siswan Block. No Mukhiya seat was won unopposed.
How do the panchayats of Siswan perform in the Panchayat Advancement Index?
The gram panchayats of Siswan average 50.6 out of 100 in PAI 2023-24, about the same as the Bihar average of 51.9.
How many banks and post offices are there in Siswan Block?
We list 3 post offices in Siswan Block.
How far is Siswan Block from Siwan district headquarters?
The centre of Siswan Block is about 23 km south-west of Siwan district headquarters as the crow flies; by road it will be further.
Which is the nearest railway station to Siswan Block?
The nearest railway station to the centre of Siswan Block is Chainwa (CW), about 11 km away as the crow flies. Other stations close by: Mahendranath (MHRN), 12 km; Duraundha Jn (DDA), 13 km.
Which is the nearest airport to Siswan Block?
The nearest airport to the centre of Siswan Block is Jay Prakash Narayan Airport (PAT), about 82 km away as the crow flies. The next nearest is Gorakhpur Airport (GOP), about 126 km away.
Which blocks are near Siswan Block?
Neighbouring blocks of Siswan Block: Hasan Pura (11 km), Raghunathpur (11 km), Ekma (13 km), Daraundha (15 km) and Manjhi (18 km).
How can I check MGNREGA (now VB-G RAM G) job cards or the PM Awas (Gramin) list for Siswan Block?
On nrega.nic.in, pick the state, district Siwan and block Siswan, then your gram panchayat, to see job cards and wage payments. The PM Awas Yojana (Gramin) list works the same way on pmayg.dord.gov.in. Both schemes are run from the Siswan block office by the Block Development Officer (BDO). MGNREGA became VB-G RAM G on 1 July 2026.
How do I apply for a pension in Siswan Block?
For old-age, widow or disability pension, apply online on RTPS Bihar (social security pension) (serviceonline.bihar.gov.in) or through a Common Service Centre (CSC) or RTPS counter. The Block Development Officer (BDO) verifies rural applications from Siswan block, and once approved the pension goes straight into your bank account, so make sure the account is linked to Aadhaar.
How can I file a complaint with the Siswan Block administration?
File your complaint on Bihar Lok Shikayat Nivaran (lokshikayat.bihar.gov.in) or call helpline 1800 345 6284. It goes to the Block Development Officer (BDO) of Siswan Block and the department concerned, and you can track it online with the complaint number.
What is the altitude of Siswan Block above sea level?
The gram panchayats of Siswan Block lie at an average of about 58 metres above sea level (SRTM terrain model).
How much rainfall does Siswan Block get, and how hot does it get?
On 2001-2020 averages, the gram panchayats of Siswan Block get about 1,040 mm of rain a year, 85% of it between June and September. The hottest days reach about 48°C, while the coldest nights fall to about 1°C. (NASA POWER satellite-model estimates)
How much farmland and tree cover is there around Siswan Block?
Around the gram panchayats of Siswan Block, the land is on average 83% cropland, 8% tree cover, 5% built-up land and 3% water, going by ESA WorldCover 2021 satellite maps.
Data sources and updates
We built this page from public, open government data. Each figure is as of its source’s date and may have changed since, so check with the office concerned before using it for anything official.
- Assembly constituency boundaries (post-2008 delimitation), datameet/maps, CC BY 2.5 IN
- Airports (OurAirports), Public domain
- Aspirational Districts and Aspirational Blocks Programmes, Public government data
- NASA POWER agro-climatology (long-term monthly normals), Public domain (NASA) (as of 2026-10-16)
- Zoloth curated tables (divisions, ODOP, schemes), CC BY 4.0
- Village boundaries with Census 2001 codes (datameet/indian_village_boundaries), ODbL 1.0 (as of 2001)
- Calculated by Zoloth from the sources cited alongside, CC BY 4.0
- DIGIPIN national addressing grid, computed from the panchayat's reference point, Open algorithm
- SRTM 1-arc-second elevation (AWS Terrain Tiles, Skadi), Public domain (SRTM); see terrain-tiles attribution (as of 2026-10-16)
- Hindi names of assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies (Hindi Wikipedia state lists), CC BY-SA 4.0 (page text); the names themselves are facts (as of 2026-10-16)
- Bank branches with IFSC/MICR (razorpay/ifsc-api), MIT (public RBI data)
- ESA WorldCover 10 m land cover 2021 (v200), CC BY 4.0 (as of 2026-10-16)
- Local Government Directory snapshot (planemad/india-local-government-directory), GODL-India (as of 2022-03-11)
- Lok Sabha 2024 constituency results, Public results (as of 2024)
- Government schemes (myScheme.gov.in), Public scheme information (dataset Apache-2.0)
- National Family Health Survey 5 district fact sheets, Public fact sheets (as of 2019-21)
- Panchayat Advancement Index, theme-wise gram panchayat scores, Public government data (as of 2026-10-16)
- Census of India 2011 Primary Census Abstract (district), Public (as of 2011)
- All-India post office and PIN directory with coordinates, GODL-India
- Hindi spellings derived from a place-name token dictionary (learnt from LGD and SEC names), CC BY 4.0
- Railway stations (datameet/railways), CC0
- Bihar panchayat general election 2021, Mukhiya and Sarpanch results (in-rolls/local_elections_bihar), MIT (compilation); public election results (as of 2026-10-16)
- UDISE+ Basic Details of Schools (school directory with locations), via India Data Portal, ODC-BY 1.0 (India Data Portal); underlying UDISE+ data is public government data (as of 2026-10-16)
- Bihar Vidhan Sabha 2025 results by constituency, Public results (ECI); Wikipedia compilation CC BY-SA 4.0 (as of 2025)
- Wikidata, CC0
Data last refreshed: October 18, 2026
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